3D Printing Terminology and Technologies

I am learning more about industrial 3D printing.

Apparently 3D printing is a slightly colloquial term.  Technical terms include:

• Additive Manufacturing:
• (John Hart - MIT 2.810 - December 2, 2013)The term "3D printing" is increasingly used as a synonym for AM. However, the latter is more accurate in that it describes a professional production technique which is clearly distinguished from conventional methods of material removal. Instead of milling a workpiece from solid block, for example, AM builds up components layer by layer using materials which are available in fine powder form.

Additive manufacturing has a variety of available technologies. The ASTM F2782 Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies tries to standardize the terminology used.
Here is an interesting note from the standard. Note the Discussion comment:

Here is a list of 3D printing technologies from the standard:

from: Explaining The Future

Explaining the Future reports from the 2014 TCT Show + Personalize event held in Birmingham, UK from 30 September to 2 October 2014. The level of technology displayed is amazing.  Compare it to the technology shown in the above .pdf shown above from 2013.